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Strategic Lens

Australia and Japan

First country

Second country

In 2025, Australia sold USD 25.3 billion of goods to Japan and bought USD 16.5 billion from it. The DESTA database lists 3 trade agreements that include both countries, the most recent being Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Transpacific Partnership (CPTPP) (2018). Both are members of the G20, the OECD and APEC. Their agreement score in UN General Assembly voting was 86 percent in 2023, and 81 percent on average over 2019 to 2023.

Benefits

  • BothTwo-way trade in pharmaceutical products grew 123 percent, from USD 139 million in 2019 to USD 309 million in 2025.
  • BothComprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Transpacific Partnership (CPTPP), signed 2018 and in force since 2018.
  • BothBoth are members of the G20, the OECD and APEC.

Constraints

  • BothTwo-way trade in goods is 41 percent below its 2022 peak of USD 70.3 billion.
  • BothFlows are one-sided: in 2025, Australia sold USD 13.1 billion of mineral fuels and oils, against USD 1.27 billion the other way.
  • BothFlows are one-sided: in 2025, Australia sold USD 1.59 billion of critical minerals and metals, against USD 1.4 million the other way.

Sources: UN Comtrade (public preview API), annual goods trade, HS classification (retrieved 26 September 2026); DESTA: Design of Trade Agreements database, version 02_03 (retrieved 25 September 2026); Wikidata, statements on membership (property P463) (retrieved 26 September 2026); United Nations General Assembly voting data (Voeten, Strezhnev and Bailey), agreement scores (retrieved 25 September 2026)

Last updated on 26 September 2026

At a glance

Goods trade, both ways
USD 41.7 billion
2025, as reported by Australia
Australia to Japan
USD 25.3 billion
2025, as reported by Australia
Japan to Australia
USD 16.5 billion
2025, as reported by Australia

What connects Australia and Japan

Economy

Trade in goodsIn 2025, Australia sold USD 25.3 billion of goods to Japan and bought USD 16.5 billion from it.

Resources

EnergyIn 2025, Australia sold USD 13.1 billion of mineral fuels and oils to Japan and bought USD 1.27 billion from it.Critical mineralsIn 2025, Australia sold USD 1.59 billion of critical minerals and metals to Japan and bought USD 1.4 million from it.Agriculture and foodIn 2025, Australia sold USD 3.79 billion of agricultural and food products to Japan and bought USD 291 million from it.

Industry

Supply chains and manufacturingIn 2025, Australia sold USD 218 million of machinery, vehicles and iron and steel to Japan and bought USD 11.6 billion from it.TechnologyIn 2025, Australia sold USD 90.0 million of electrical and electronic equipment to Japan and bought USD 430 million from it.Pharma and healthIn 2025, Australia sold USD 67.9 million of pharmaceutical products to Japan and bought USD 241 million from it.

Diplomacy

Agreements and treatiesThe DESTA database lists 3 trade agreements that include both countries, the most recent being Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Transpacific Partnership (CPTPP) (2018).Multilateral alignmentBoth are members of the G20, the OECD and APEC. Their agreement score in UN General Assembly voting was 86 percent in 2023, and 81 percent on average over 2019 to 2023.Diaspora and mobilityIn 2024, 12 thousand people born in Australia lived in Japan, and 53 thousand people born in Japan lived in Australia.

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