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Strategic Lens

Mexico and United States

First country

Second country

In 2025, Mexico sold USD 545.4 billion of goods to United States and bought USD 249.9 billion from it. Mexico and United States share a land border of 3,155 km. The DESTA database lists 3 trade agreements that include both countries, the most recent being US Mexico Canada Agreement (USMCA) (2020). In 2024, 11 million people born in Mexico lived in United States, and 824 thousand people born in United States lived in Mexico.

Benefits

  • BothTrade in agricultural and food products runs both ways in similar amounts: Mexico sold USD 43.0 billion and United States sold USD 30.7 billion in 2025.
  • BothTrade in fertilisers runs both ways in similar amounts: Mexico sold USD 250 million and United States sold USD 308 million in 2025.
  • BothTwo-way trade in machinery, vehicles and iron and steel grew 52 percent, from USD 225.5 billion in 2019 to USD 343.0 billion in 2025.

Constraints

  • BothThe two countries' customs reports differ on goods sold by United States to Mexico in 2025: Mexico reports USD 249.9 billion and United States reports USD 338.0 billion.
  • BothFlows are one-sided: in 2025, United States sold USD 34.5 billion of mineral fuels and oils, against USD 4.73 billion the other way.
  • BothFlows are one-sided: in 2025, United States sold USD 2.15 billion of critical minerals and metals, against USD 408 million the other way.

Sources: UN Comtrade (public preview API), annual goods trade, HS classification (retrieved 26 September 2026); CIA World Factbook (retrieved 26 September 2026); DESTA: Design of Trade Agreements database, version 02_03 (retrieved 25 September 2026); UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024 (retrieved 25 September 2026)

Last updated on 26 September 2026

At a glance

Goods trade, both ways
USD 795.3 billion
2025, as reported by Mexico
Mexico to United States
USD 545.4 billion
2025, as reported by Mexico
United States to Mexico
USD 249.9 billion
2025, as reported by Mexico

What connects Mexico and United States

Economy

Trade in goodsIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 545.4 billion of goods to United States and bought USD 249.9 billion from it.

Resources

EnergyIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 4.73 billion of mineral fuels and oils to United States and bought USD 34.5 billion from it.Critical mineralsIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 408 million of critical minerals and metals to United States and bought USD 2.15 billion from it.Agriculture and foodIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 43.0 billion of agricultural and food products to United States and bought USD 30.7 billion from it.FertiliserIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 250 million of fertilisers to United States and bought USD 308 million from it.

Industry

Supply chains and manufacturingIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 276.9 billion of machinery, vehicles and iron and steel to United States and bought USD 66.2 billion from it.TechnologyIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 98.9 billion of electrical and electronic equipment to United States and bought USD 27.0 billion from it.Pharma and healthIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 1.20 billion of pharmaceutical products to United States and bought USD 2.32 billion from it.

Security

Defence and armsIn 2025, Mexico sold USD 70.9 million of arms and ammunition to United States and bought USD 32.8 million from it.Nuclear and spaceIn 2025, United States sold USD 124 million of nuclear materials, reactors and spacecraft to Mexico.Border and maritimeMexico and United States share a land border of 3,155 km.

Diplomacy

Agreements and treatiesThe DESTA database lists 3 trade agreements that include both countries, the most recent being US Mexico Canada Agreement (USMCA) (2020).Multilateral alignmentBoth are members of the G20, the OECD and APEC. Their agreement score in UN General Assembly voting was 41 percent in 2023, and 34 percent on average over 2019 to 2023.Diaspora and mobilityIn 2024, 11 million people born in Mexico lived in United States, and 824 thousand people born in United States lived in Mexico.

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