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Strategic Lens

India and Russia

First country

Second country

In 2025, India sold USD 4.49 billion of goods to Russia and bought USD 62.9 billion from it. Both are members of the G20, BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Their agreement score in UN General Assembly voting was 72 percent in 2023, and 77 percent on average over 2019 to 2023. In 2024, 7 thousand people born in India lived in Russia. In 2025, Russia sold USD 47.1 million of critical minerals and metals to India.

Benefits

  • BothTwo-way trade in goods grew about 7.4 times, from USD 9.10 billion in 2019 to USD 67.4 billion in 2025.
  • BothTwo-way trade in mineral fuels and oils grew about 19 times, from USD 2.88 billion in 2019 to USD 53.8 billion in 2025.
  • BothTwo-way trade in critical minerals and metals grew 113 percent, from USD 22.2 million in 2019 to USD 47.4 million in 2025.

Constraints

  • BothFlows are one-sided: in 2025, Russia sold USD 62.9 billion of goods, against USD 4.49 billion the other way.
  • BothFlows are one-sided: in 2025, Russia sold USD 53.8 billion of mineral fuels and oils, against USD 11.1 million the other way.
  • BothFlows are one-sided: in 2025, Russia sold USD 47.1 million of critical minerals and metals, and India sold almost none.

Sources: UN Comtrade (public preview API), annual goods trade, HS classification (retrieved 26 September 2026); Wikidata, statements on membership (property P463) (retrieved 26 September 2026); United Nations General Assembly voting data (Voeten, Strezhnev and Bailey), agreement scores (retrieved 25 September 2026); UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024 (retrieved 25 September 2026)

Last updated on 26 September 2026

At a glance

Goods trade, both ways
USD 67.4 billion
2025, as reported by India
India to Russia
USD 4.49 billion
2025, as reported by India
Russia to India
USD 62.9 billion
2025, as reported by India

What connects India and Russia

Economy

Trade in goodsIn 2025, India sold USD 4.49 billion of goods to Russia and bought USD 62.9 billion from it.

Resources

EnergyIn 2025, India sold USD 11.1 million of mineral fuels and oils to Russia and bought USD 53.8 billion from it.Critical mineralsIn 2025, Russia sold USD 47.1 million of critical minerals and metals to India.Agriculture and foodIn 2025, India sold USD 1.02 billion of agricultural and food products to Russia and bought USD 2.22 billion from it.FertiliserIn 2025, Russia sold USD 2.96 billion of fertilisers to India.

Industry

Supply chains and manufacturingIn 2025, India sold USD 905 million of machinery, vehicles and iron and steel to Russia and bought USD 900 million from it.TechnologyIn 2025, India sold USD 311 million of electrical and electronic equipment to Russia and bought USD 40.9 million from it.Pharma and healthIn 2025, India sold USD 467 million of pharmaceutical products to Russia.

Security

Defence and armsIn 2025, India sold USD 7.7 million of arms and ammunition to Russia and bought USD 22.4 million from it. Both are members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.Nuclear and spaceIn 2025, Russia sold USD 183 million of nuclear materials, reactors and spacecraft to India.

Diplomacy

Multilateral alignmentBoth are members of the G20, BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Their agreement score in UN General Assembly voting was 72 percent in 2023, and 77 percent on average over 2019 to 2023.Diaspora and mobilityIn 2024, 7 thousand people born in India lived in Russia.

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